Jakarta. In a contentious decision, Indonesia has re-opened its sand export trade after a 20-year hiatus. The Ministry of Trade announced that the export of marine sand will proceed only after domestic needs are met, triggering debates amid escalating climate change and extreme weather issues.

"Marine sediment exports will be allowed as long as domestic demands are fulfilled and it complies with prevailing regulations," stated Director General of Foreign Trade at the Ministry of Trade, Isy Karim, in a press release on Monday (16/9).

The export regulation is outlined in Government Regulation No. 26 of 2023 on Marine Sediment Management, a follow-up to a proposal from the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP).

The specific types of marine sand permitted for export are detailed in Minister of Trade Regulation No. 21 of 2024, which refers to the decision by the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries No. 47 of 2024. Exporters must adhere to the requirements specified in this regulation to trade sand legally.

To qualify, businesses must obtain Registered Exporter (ET) status, have an Export Approval (PE), and submit a Surveyor Report (LS). Additionally, exporters must secure a Marine Sand Utilization Permit from the KKP and a Mining Business License for Sales from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources. They must also provide a notarized letter confirming that the extracted sand comes from approved coordinates. 

"The state sees natural resources merely as capital to be exploited, disregarding the consequences," stated Sembiring. He argued the policy would legitimize sand mining activities, undermining efforts to protect marine ecosystems and safe navigation routes.